约翰·艾登瑟·利特伍德
维库，知识与思想的自由文库
16个分类: 正在翻譯的條目 | 1885 births | 1977 deaths | 20th century mathematicians | British mathematicians | English mathematicians | Number theorists | Mathematical analysts | Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge | Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge | Fellows of the Royal Society | Erdős number 2 | Old Paulines | People from Rochester, Medway | Tripos Wranglers | 来自中文维基百科
约翰·艾登瑟·利特伍德（1885年6月9日–1977年9月6日），英国数学家，最为出名的是他和高德菲·哈罗德·哈代长期的合作。
[编辑] 一生利特伍德出生在肯特郡的罗彻斯特。他在伦敦的圣保罗学校上学，并在那里受到了F·S·麦考利的教育，现在因为他对理想理论的贡献而出名。利特伍德在剑桥大学三一学院学习，并在1905年的数学Tripos考试中成为Senior Wrangler。在1908年他被选为三一学院的研究员，除了在曼彻斯特大学担任应用数学理查德讲师的三年外，在他的职业生涯中，他都在剑桥大学度过。He was appointed Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics in 1928, retiring in 1950. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1916, awarded the Royal Medal in 1929, the Sylvester Medal in 1943 and the Copley Medal in 1958. He was president of the London Mathematical Society from 1941 to 1943, and was awarded the De Morgan Medal in 1938 and the Senior Berwick Prize in 1960. [编辑] 工作他的大部分工作都是在数学分析领域中的。他在Ernest William Barnes的指导下开始研究，Barnes说利特伍德曾经尝试过证明黎曼猜想：利特伍德证明了如果黎曼猜想是正确的，那么素数定理 follows and obtained the error term. 这项工作使他成为了三一学院的一位研究员。 He coined Littlewood's law, which states that individuals can expect miracles to happen to them, at the rate of about one per month. He continued to write papers into his eighties, particularly in analytical areas of what would become the theory of dynamical systems. He is also remembered for his book of reminiscences, A Mathematician's Miscellany (new edition published in 1986). Among his own Ph. D. students were Sarvadaman Chowla, Harold Davenport and Donald C. Spencer. His collaborative work, carried out by correspondence, covered fields in Diophantine approximation and Waring's problem, in particular. In his other work Littlewood collaborated with Raymond Paley in Fourier theory, and with Cyril Offord in combinatorial work on random sums, in developments that opened up fields still intensively studied. He worked with Mary Cartwright on problems in differential equations arising out of early research on radar: their work foreshadowed the modern theory of dynamical systems. Littlewood's inequality on bilinear forms was a forerunner of the later Grothendieck tensor norm theory. [编辑] 与哈代He collaborated for many years with G. H. Hardy. Together they devised the first Hardy-Littlewood conjecture, a strong form of the twin prime conjecture, and the second Hardy-Littlewood conjecture. In a 1947 lecture, the Danish mathematician Harald Bohr reported a colleague's joke that "Nowadays, there are only three really great English mathematicians: Hardy, Littlewood, and Hardy-Littlewood." In retelling, it is often added that the latter was the greatest of the three. There is a story that at a conference Littlewood met a German mathematician who said he was most interested to discover that Littlewood really existed, as he had always assumed that Littlewood was a name used by Hardy for lesser work which he did not want to put out under his own name; Littlewood apparently roared with laughter. [编辑] 另见
[编辑] 外部链接 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
